(n)southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south)
South-East Asia
Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies)→Related words:
紅毛
(pref)exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)
(n)(in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm)
food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions→Related words:
南蛮煮
(n)southern barbarian (used to describe Western Europeans who visited Japan prior to the Edo period, esp. the Spanish and the Portuguese)→Related words:
紅毛人